HETI Journal Repository
Title | Authors | Year | Categories | Abstract | Price | |
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C. Hatton-Hall & A. Claridge |
1998 |
Education and Training |
The first part of this paper concerns the development of a system of training for volunteers by The Riding for... Show more (+) The first part of this paper concerns the development of a system of training for volunteers by The Riding for the Disabled Association of the United Kingdom leading to the Riding for the Disabled Group Instructors and Senior Instructors qualifications which commenced with the Senior Instructors Examination in 198 I.
The Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Riding for the Disabled (ACPRD) also have a programme of training for this clinical interest group which is validated by Greenwich University and recognised by the Chartered Society of Physiotherapists.
Before discussing the qualification system it is necessary to determine the objectives of the training. The term "Riding Therapy" has different connotations in different countries. In the United Kingdom RDA understands their objective as providing disabled people with the opportunity of riding and driving to benefit their health and well being.
The aim in RDA group rides is to teach riding and for riders to enjoy their riding experience (this also includes stable management). Show less (-) |
€5.00
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C. Kluwer |
1997 |
Mental Health |
This study has been discussed and readjusted several times by groups of experts in Germany and abroad.
So it should... Show more (+) This study has been discussed and readjusted several times by groups of experts in Germany and abroad.
So it should be clear:
• We did not discuss methods of working with horses.
• There are not concerned principals or advices for working with psychiatric and psychotherapeutic patients.
• Here are neither criteria for special indications nor any judgement about 'better or worse' procedures intended.
But this article tries to consider several modern theoretical aspects, that can help to understand what becomes possible in the triade between patient, horse and therapist. This concept tries to articulate a common denominator that can be accepted by all 'schools of psychiatry', and helps to avoid unnecessary quarrels only inhibiting the knowledge of any horse assisted treatment. Show less (-) |
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R. Basille |
1997 |
Mental Health |
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
diagnoses of school-age children and adolescents (Shapiro, 1993). The child or adolescent with ADHD has more... Show more (+) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
diagnoses of school-age children and adolescents (Shapiro, 1993). The child or adolescent with ADHD has more than a school or classroom problem; he/she has a total lifetime disability (Silver, 1992), with multi-dimensional effects on the emotional, social, cognitive, physiological and spiritual aspects of human development. Behavioural problems with most ADHD children are identified as: (a) impulsivity, (b) inattention, (c) hyperactivity, (d) decrease or no ability to respect others' personal boundaries, and (e) poor or negative self- esteem. There is a minimum of non-invasive techniques used to treat children with ADHD. Therefore the purpose of this research was to explore and describe the psychological effects of Equine Facilitated Physiotherapy (EFP) as a non- invasive intervention on behaviour and self-esteem in children with ADHD. Show less (-) |
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J. C. Barrey |
1997 |
Equine Studies |
A - Space: an encounter between horse and man
Physical space is the operational terrain of living things: if we act... Show more (+) A - Space: an encounter between horse and man
Physical space is the operational terrain of living things: if we act upon this
space, it bears the mark of our will, it becomes ours, because we have modified it.
Yet there is not one space, but spaces corresponding to different species, different individuals of a species, and the various sensory inputs of any given individual.
Moreover, a species does not live alone in a given zone, but in community with a number of other organisms, who are also exchanging signals. Men and horses thus find themselves sharing the same ecological niche. it needed only an interaction between the two species for there to exist, in their respective universes, a common element, mathematicians would speak of 'intersection of two sets'.
Man, thanks to his stage of evolution, possesses the capacity to penetrate the relationship of cause and effect existing between signals given off by horses and their behaviour, and the horse, being made suitable for domestication by an enlarging of the selectivity of it's releaser signals, these two have been able to communicate with one another and establish commensal, and even symbiotic, relationships. Show less (-) |
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M. Blery & N. Kaufmann |
1996 |
Therapeutic Riding |
The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of a four-week therapeutic riding program on balance performance... Show more (+) The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of a four-week therapeutic riding program on balance performance of children with attention deficit disorders. Two male volunteers, ages 9 and 10, who were able to ambulate independently and scored more than two standard deviations below scores on the balance subtest of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) participated in this study. Subjects rode a horse for one hour, three times a week, in a four-week riding program. Balance was assessed twice a week during the week prior to the start of the riding program and thereafter for the duration of the riding program. Standing balance was assessed using the six conditions of the Pediatric Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction for Balance (P- CTSIB). Walking balance was assessed by measuring the smoothness of their walking patterns using vertical, medial-lateral, and anterior-posterior head and trunk accelerations. In this single subject design the six scores from the P-CTSIB and the six accelerometry values averaged over 10 gait cycles were plotted over the five-week period to examine the existence of trends in the data that could be associated with the intervention. The most dramatic changes on the P-CTSIB occurred in the two support surface conditions with the eyes open. The positive trends in the other P-CTSIB measures tended to be more variable and less dramatic. The accelerometry data improved for one subject, but remained unchanged for the other subject whose values were within a normal range at
the beginning of the testing. The balance subtest of the BOTMP was repeated at the completion of the riding program and showed the scores for both subjects had improved to be within one standard deviation of normative scores. While it is not possible to rule out the influence of learning on the improvements in the P-CTSIB, when these results are taken in conjunction with the results from the gait analysis and the BOTMp, it was concluded that the improvements in the balance of these children was associated with the therapeutic riding program. Show less (-) |
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M. Scheidhacker |
1996 |
Mental Health |
Following a description of schizophrenia and its effects on the lives of individuals, specific therapeutic approaches to therapeutic riding treatments... Show more (+) Following a description of schizophrenia and its effects on the lives of individuals, specific therapeutic approaches to therapeutic riding treatments are outlined. The results of a controlled clinical study (conducted in 1988/89 at the Reginal Hospital in Haar near Munich) indicate that psychopathology and negative symptoms can be influenced. The different results produced by time-limited therapy courses versus long-term treatment become evident. Three case studies with differing outcomes are described. Therapeutic riding as therapy for chronically schizophrenic psychosis offers the possibility of treating therapy-resistant ond "unreachable" patients with the help of the horse and thus achieving an amelioration of symptoms and an improvement of the quality of life. Show less (-) |
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K. Belch |
1996 |
Education and Training |
Conductive Educotion (CEI and Riding for the Disabled (RDA) are very similar concepts. Both motivate a child to achieve. They... Show more (+) Conductive Educotion (CEI and Riding for the Disabled (RDA) are very similar concepts. Both motivate a child to achieve. They use adults to aid the children to learn and aids to help them accomplish their goals. To integrate the two completely, there are a number of additional CE concepts required; introduction of the task series, hand function, cognitive skills, language and rhythmical intention, the theme and generalisation.
A group of ten CP children from the Craig halbert Centre were introduced to RDA and the CE system of learning was implemented. The merge of the two approaches worked extremely well.
Much discussion and planning was needed to construct this merge but as the two concepts complemented each other and maximised the children's potential, the extra work was well worth it.
The aim of this paper is to identify the similarities between Therapeutic Riding for the Disabled and Conductive Education. It will further explore the possibilities for integrating the two approaches. Show less (-) |
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J. Kulichova & J. Zenclova |
1996 |
Hippotherapy |
In contemporary times the impairment of the musculosceletal system represents the most frequent occurrence of chronicol illness of non-infectious... Show more (+) In contemporary times the impairment of the musculosceletal system represents the most frequent occurrence of chronicol illness of non-infectious etiology. In our study we focused on primary and secondary scoliosis The problem most often encountered in management of these patients is non-compliance to the rehabilitation exercise or to the medical recommendations We attempted to include horseback riding to the repertoire of physiotherapeutic measures.
Elements of sports training are also used in the treatment of the musculosceletal system. The demands on the spinal column during horseback riding positively influence the development of posture, lead to a decrease of muscle tension, and improve body coordination and balance The main principles influencing the spinal column are an equitable, rhythmical change of pressure, the loading and unloading of vertebral discs, and the necessity of a continual change of short in :, vertebral muscle contractions and relaxations that adapt riders' postures to the horseback riding movement.
Medical indicotions for this physiotherapy are, for example, muscle insufficiency of the pelvic girdle, hyper mobility, scoliosis up to 20 degrees of Cobb, kyphosis without structural changes and pseudoradicular pains.
Physiotherapy must be prescribed by a medical doctor who uses continuos mild increments of loads, uses an appropriate manner of riding and is in dose contact with the horseback riding trainer, who is responsible for the training and the selection of suitable horses.
Posture was assessed using vertebrography, a simple and non-invasive method which enabled the continuous monitoring of spinal column deviations Show less (-) |
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J. Would |
1996 |
Hippotherapy |
Thanks to the generosity af Remedi, a charitable trust, I was able to spend 2 years researching the development of... Show more (+) Thanks to the generosity af Remedi, a charitable trust, I was able to spend 2 years researching the development of posture and balance in disabled riders. Some of these riders were working with RDA groups and some were receiving hippotherapy.
I used an electronic measuring device (Penny and Giles electronic goniometerl which was fastened to the rider's lower back. This measured the angle of the pelvis in relation to the lumbar spine and recorded degrees of movement in the pelvis (both forwards - backwards, or anterior/posterior tilt and side-to-side or lateral tilt of the pelvis) with every step or movement of the horse.
The measurements were recorded and stored in a mini computer the size of a pocket calculator. This was held in place by a belt round the waist and did not interfere in any way with the movements. Riders were quickly able to forget it was there.
At the end of the ride, the information in the mini computer was transfered to the main computer, which turned the movements into graph form and allowed printouts to be mode of the results.
All rides were also recorded on videocamera, so that any anomalies on the graphs could be picked up. Show less (-) |
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A. Veictenias, G. Melorio & P. Sarchi |
1994 |
Therapeutic Riding |
During a typical therapeutic horse riding (THRIsessionwe have observed (1-21that heart rate (HR) increases to quite different levels in... Show more (+) During a typical therapeutic horse riding (THRIsessionwe have observed (1-21that heart rate (HR) increases to quite different levels in the different patients. In fact we have found that severe mentally disabled subiects show only a minor increase of HR (on the overage up to about 20 b/min above resting values), while in motor impaired subjects, without severe mental deficiency, the increose is much higher Ion the overage up to about 35 b/min above resting), with occasional peaks up to a HR of 160-170 b/min. The increase in HR is due in part to the enhanced energy requirement of riding and, in port, presumably, to psychological factors.
We have also suggested (1-2) that when the THR sessions are performed for 45-60 minutes, at least two or three times a week, a training effect on the cardiorespiratory and muscular systemsmight be hypothesised.
Even if HR 'per se' can be assumed as a reliable index of the cardiovascular stressond of the energy requirement of the subject particularly during isotonic exercise (3), during THR this might not be true. In fact many confounding factors such as isometric exercise, increased muscular tone, unexpected psychological reactions to riding might dissociate HR to the energy requirement.
With these in mind, and on the basis of the fact that we were not able to find any work in the literature on the energetics of THR, the present study was aimed to evaluate the energy requirement of a typical THR session in patients of different severity, thus separating the role played by emotional, in respect to metabolic factors increasing the HR.
This evaluation, moreover, has a twofold practical purpose, i.e. to analyse if the intensity of a THR session is severe enough Show less (-) |
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